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【Subject】We provide a (1) method for producing high molecular weight highly polymerized compounds from the poly-arlyene group
through polymerizing dihalogenation arylene (monomers from the arylene group which have two “leaving groups”) in the presence of a zerovalent nickel complex, (2) the highly polymerized compounds from this method, as well as (3) a low-voltage, highly-efficient-drivable (possessing a drive function) polymer light emitting diode (LED) which utilizes those aforementioned highly polymerized compounds.
日本語 から 英語: Notice Of Rejection （Patent）- Patent Law General field: 法/特許 Detailed field: 法: 特許、商標、著作権
翻訳 - 英語 1)The invention to which this patent application claim falls under Article 29 Section 1 - Item 3, which states that previously, both in Japan domestically and abroad as well, such patents as mentioned in the distributed publication below that can be used publically through use of a telecommunications line cannot be accepted or approved.
翻訳 - 英語 The crystallographic qualities (crystal shape, degree of crystallinity, 晶癖(crystal habit), and crystal grain size) in additives, as well as the dispersed state of such, and API's in pharmaceutical drug formulation directly affect the functional capabilities of drug formulation, and the accuracy and specific understanding thereof is essential for controlling the quality of such drug formulations.
Current methods of analysis for such include粉末X線回折法(X-ray powder diffraction), 近赤外分光法(near-infrared spectroscopy), 赤外分光法(infrared spectroscopy), which are widely used in both the domestic and foreign pharmaceutical industries, however, the ラマン分光法(Raman spectroscopy) is considered to be superior to each of these methods in many respects. In other words, neither the presence of water nor the crystal grain size affect the spectrum in ラマン分光法(Raman spectroscopy), in addition, the spectrum consists of clear signals which allow for ease in determining the differences in crystal shape, and a quantitatively superior spectrum can be obtained as well. In addition, chemical imaging can be performed at the sub-micro level under a high resolution by applying this 顕微ラマン分光法(Raman microscopy) method, which is also one more advantage that this technique holds in comparison to those mentioned above.
日本語 から 英語: Physics of heterogeneous structures in biomembranes General field: 科学 Detailed field: 生物学(バイオテク、生化学、微生物学)
翻訳 - 英語 The cells in their entirety along with the biomembranes that cover the organelles found within these cells play a vital role in cellular function, and have become a venue for supporting vital activity [1]. Mitochondria and chloroplast, which are both typical examples of cell organelles, use the concentration gradient of ions across the inner membranes to help bring out the energy that is necessary for vital activity. The main constituents of biomembranes are molecules referred to as "lipids". Because lipid molecules possess both a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic hydrocarbon chains (normally 2 chains) within a single molecule, the lipid molecules will spontaneously form a bilayer membrane structure with the hydrophilic heads facing outward when they become dispersed in water. Additionally, there are many different kinds of membrane proteins embedded within the biomembranes, and they also mediate interactions between the substances separating the biomembranes.
Biomembranes have fluidity which causes lipids and lipid proteins to laterally disperse inside of the membrane surface. The concept which paints a dynamic picture inside biomembranes made up of lipid bilayers is referred to as the fluid mosaic model, which was proposed by Singer and Nicolson in 1972 [2]. Although the fluid mosaic model became a widely accepted standard model for biomembranes thereafter, the raft model proposed by Simons and Ikonen in 1997 stirred up a large number of debates regarding the structure and function of biomembranes [3]. Although we can see a variety of lipids which are uniformly distributed and move freely on the membrane surface when using the fluid mosaic model, the raft model on the other hand asserts the existence of a condensed nanoscale domain based on the presence of specific lipids and cholesterol. The biomembrane domains work together with the membrane proteins as relay points for the signaling transfer factor, and are thought to be related to the control of many life phenomena. The single heterogeneous structures made up of both proteins and lipids seem like "rafts" floating on top of sea water, which is why they are referred to as such. The definition provided below was given at an international conference held in 2006 based on the accumulation of various experiment results [4]．
日本語 から 英語: Use of high-tensile steel in automobiles General field: 科学 Detailed field: 材料(プラスチック、セラミックなど)
翻訳 - 英語 Pig iron, well-known steel scrap containing Mn, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, and recarburizer were combined, and the metals (in their original state) were liquefied in a 10t low-frequency induction furnace. The structure at the start of the experiment had a Mn content of 0.3mass% (hereinafter, "mass" shall be omitted). Then, additional Fe-Mn was poured onto the metals (in their original state) after the precondition for the metal tapping was met in order to make the total Mn content reach 0.6%, 0.9%, and 1.5%. Spheroidizing treatment was conducted on the metals (in their original state) with an altered Mn content by using a ladle, a Fe-Si-Mg-RE-based spherodizing agent, and a Fe-Si-based inoculation, whereby each condition was established with a total melted metal quantity of 1500kg. Table 1 shows the target final chemical structure. Spheroidizing treatment was then carried out using a ladle, followed by an inoculation treatment. Next, the mixture was teemed at 1623K into a knock-off mold (Kb-form) and a thick-wall block mold (self-hardening sand mold). Then, a φ25×250mm round bar test piece as well as a 100×100×500mm, 300×300×500mm, and a 500×500×500mm thick-wall block test piece were cast. Next, the temperatures of the round bar test piece and each of the three thick-wall block test pieces were measured, wherein there was a temperature gradient that had a eutectic temperature reaching up to 1523K, which was used as the cooling velocity. The cooling velocity was 1.90K/s for the φ25×250mm round bar test piece, 0.22K/s for the 100×100×500mm test piece, 0.12K/s for the 300×300×500mm test piece, and 0.08K/s for the 500×500×500mm test piece.
翻訳 - 英語 Blood pressure is an important index used for health management. Generally, cuffs are needed to apply pressure (compression) to the brachial arteries in order to estimate (measure) the blood pressure. However, due to problems such as machinery being too large, estimations requiring a considerable amount of time and effort, and the inability to perform constant and consecutive estimations, etc., cuffless blood pressure estimation methods have been drawing more and more attention. There has also been a great deal of research on cuffless blood pressure estimation methods which utilize pulse wave activation time (PAT). As the PAT is dependent on the state (condition) of the blood vessels, it is well-known that this time will shorten as the arteriosclerosis progresses.
PAT is estimated based on the amount of time it takes for the blood flow to reach the nerve peripherals from the heart through use of electrocardiograph sensors and photoplethysmograph sensors. The PAT obtained in this way can then be used as a basis for estimating blood pressure as well.
This method requires the use of both electrocardiograph sensors and photoplethysmograph sensors, and requires a great deal of care when trying to estimate blood pressure in work or home environments. Research on methods which can estimate blood pressure with the use of only a single photoplethysmograph sensor have emerged from this kind of background.
Teng paid attention to the relationship between pulse waves and blood pressure, and used feature quantities such as pulse width and time to estimate blood pressure. However, given that pulse wave signals are easily affected by factors such as body movement noise, it can often be difficult to identify the underlying characteristics.
One method that can be used to prevent such from occurring is wavelet signal processing, and while wavelet signal processing methods which use ICA are often recommended, in this research, given that our aim was the development of systems which can easily estimate blood pressure in home or work environments, we wanted to carry out correspondence without having to expand resources such as sensors and CPUs.
Methods for clarifying characteristics without being heavily affected by resource constraints include (1) velocity pulse waves which have undergone time differentiation and (2) accelerated pulse waves, and there have been accounts of research being conducted using these methods as the basis for estimating blood pressure. This method applies the Accelerated Plethysmograph Index (APG Index) as the feature quantity. The APG Index varies easily due to it being obtained through secondary differentials from pulse wave signals, and is affected by factors such as individual variability in age, the waveform may take on various shapes even if the blood pressure shows to be exactly the same. Additionally, although the APG Index is normalized based on the maximum value of the frontal wave, and as the frontal wave maximum value displays the arterial vasodilatation (blood flow and state of blood vessels), it shares a strong correlation with systolic arterial pressure, and the values here can be used as the feature quantity.
日本語 から 英語: LIQUID FOR IDENTIFYING LOCATION WHERE LACTIC ACID IS PRODUCED ON PERIPHERY OF TOOTH AND METHOD FOR USING THE SAME General field: 法/特許 Detailed field: 化学、化学工学
翻訳 - 英語 [Claim 2]
A liquid for identifying a location where lactic acid is produced on the periphery of teeth according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electron transfer agent (C) is constituted of at least one selected from the group consisting of meldola blue, 1-Methoxyphenazine•methosulfate, phenazine methosulfate, rose indulin 2 G, thionin, and cresyl blue.
[Claim 3]
A liquid for identifying a location where lactic acid is produced on the periphery of teeth according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the tetrazolium salt that produces a color as a result of reduction (D) is constituted of at least one selected from the group consisting of 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium1 sodium salt, 3-3’-(1,1’-biphenyl-4,4’-diyl)-bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride), 3,3’-[3,3’-dimethoxy-(1,1’-biphenyl)-4,4’-diyl]-bis[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride], 2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride, 3,3’-[3,3’-dimethoxy-(1,1’-biphenyl)-4,4’-diyl]-bis(2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium chloride, and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide.
日本語 から 英語: RELEASE SHEET AND MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR SAME General field: 法/特許 Detailed field: エレクトロニクス/電子工学
翻訳 - 英語 [0040]
[Experiment 1]
A laminated sheet was created through pressure welding (crimping) the surface of an adhesive agent layer of a store-bought cellophane adhesive tape onto the surface of a release agent layer of each release sheet obtained from Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, as well as from Comparative Examples 1 and 2. Afterwards, the peeling force was measured at the point in time when delamination occurred on the interface between the aforementioned surface of the adhesive layer of the laminated sheet and the surface of an adhesive agent layer of a store-bought cellophane adhesive tape. [Table 1] shows the measurement results for the peeling force of the releasing surface for each release sheet together with the silicon content of the release agent layer of the release sheets described in Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
[0041]
[Experiment 2]
An experiment was performed where each of the release sheets obtained in Embodiment 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, as well as Comparative Example 1 and 2 were hand-rubbed, wherein the adhesion strength of each release agent layer was confirmed each through observing each release sheet after performing a hand-rub to check for any lifting occurring in the release agent layer. The results have been included in [Table 1].
日本語 から 英語: AN ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE, THE MANUFACTURING METHOD FOR SAME, AND AN ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE INTEGRATED PLATE General field: 法/特許 Detailed field: エレクトロニクス/電子工学
翻訳 - 英語 2. Scope of Patent Claims
1. An ion-selective electrode in that first a layer of insoluble salt is added to the top of an electrically-conductive metal followed by an ion-selective layer made up of organic substances.
2. A production method for the electrically-conductive metal characterized in that a layer of insoluble salt is added to the top of an electrically-conductive metal, where after an ion-selective layer made up of organic substances has been mounted directly on top of the aforementioned layer of insoluble salt.
3. An ion-selective electrode in that the aforementioned layer of insoluble salt from an electrically-conductive metal is mounted on top of the aforementioned electrically-conductive metal followed by an ion-selective layer that is comprised of organic substances; the ion-selective electrode integrated plate to be used in the measurement of ion concentrations in that it is made from arranging at least one pair of the aforementioned ion-selective electrodes on top of a support plate that has a surface possessing electrical insulation properties, wherein each of the electrode terminal areas have been connected at intervals just large enough so that a short circuit will not occur.
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翻訳体験年数： 14. ProZ.comに登録済み: Jan 2013. 入会日： Jan 2013.
I have 9 years of experience as a translator, interpreter, transcriber, and editor and I am located in Minnetonka, MN. I have worked in Japan in the automotive industry for 6 years and have also done even more years of freelance translation concerning it. I am very familiar with industry terminology.
Other experiences include primarily doing life science and market research for medical devices and pharmaceuticals. Legal/patents are my primary fields of translations, and I have handled hundreds of Patents for the USPTO as an end client. I also have extensive experience working in fields relating to medical devices, manufacturing, life sciences, business, and engineering.
I am one of two translators that handle all of the legal interrogations, real estate acquisition, contract law, and ethics investigations for a worldwide conglomerate (unable to state the name due to privacy reasons).
For your reference, I have also done numerous translations related to medical, patents, machinery, chemistry, and physics such as manuals, official documentation, presentations, contracts, and medical interviews if you also need assistance with these as well.
I have also worked in the manufacturing, banking, constructions, and medical environments as an interpreter.
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